Hey @vivalasocialpsy
If you are using the standard search/tweets endpoint, you are required to pass along a query along with the optional geocode, lang, or locale parameters.
If you are using the premium Search API, you have more flexibility in the operators that you use. You will be able to search with several location operators as standalones, and can use the the lang: operator as long as it is used in conjunction with one of our other standalone operators.
The YYYYMMDDHHmmss format is used with the toDate: and fromDate: operators that are used with the premium Search API. You will be using the until parameter with YYYY-MM-DD parameter with the standard search/tweets endpoint. Minute and second filter is only available with premium.
When using the Full Archive version of the premium or enterprise version of the Search API, you will be able to pull a certain number of Tweets from a historical date range. However, it will be served in reverse chronological order, starting with the most recent Tweet that matches your query.