OK, I changed a little bit my application, now I use URI encoded params in my URLs. If you curl my og:image meta tag it is now working:
curl -v -A Twitterbot "https://remonterletemps.ign.fr/metaImage?params=%5B%7B%22style%22:%22normal%22,%22tilematrixset%22:%22PM%22,%22format%22:%22image/jpeg%22,%22Layer%22:%22ORTHOIMAGERY.ORTHOPHOTOS%22,%22TileMatrix%22:%226%22,%22TileCol%22:%5B30,31,32,33,34%5D,%22TileRow%22:%5B29,30,31,32,33,34%5D,%22center%22:%5B675,693%5D,%22scaleFactor%22:1%7D,%7B%22style%22:%22normal%22,%22tilematrixset%22:%22PM%22,%22format%22:%22image/jpeg%22,%22Layer%22:%22GEOGRAPHICALGRIDSYSTEMS.MAPS.SCAN-EXPRESS.STANDARD%22,%22TileMatrix%22:%226%22,%22TileCol%22:%5B30,31,32,33,34%5D,%22TileRow%22:%5B29,30,31,32,33,34%5D,%22center%22:%5B675,693%5D,%22scaleFactor%22:1%7D%5D"
… But unfortunately, the twitter validator still does not want to show my image